- Species and varieties: Helenium autumnale, commonly known as Sneezeweed, is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family Asteraceae. It includes several varieties such as 'Moerheim Beauty', 'Sahin's Early Flowerer', and 'Ruby Tuesday'. The yellow variety is particularly popular for its bright, sunny blooms.
- Hybrid or heirloom: Helenium autumnale can be found in both hybrid and heirloom varieties. Heirloom varieties are often prized for their historical significance and genetic purity, while hybrids may offer improved disease resistance and more vigorous growth.
- Pruning and training: To encourage bushier growth and more blooms, pinch back the stems in early summer. Deadheading spent flowers will prolong the blooming period. In late fall, cut back the plants to the ground to prepare for winter.
- Fertilization needs: Helenium autumnale benefits from a balanced, slow-release fertilizer applied in early spring. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers. Compost or organic matter can also be added to the soil to improve fertility and structure.
- Hardiness zones: Helenium autumnale is suitable for USDA hardiness zones 3 through 8. This makes it adaptable to a wide range of climates, from cooler northern regions to warmer southern areas.
- Climate requirements: Sneezeweed thrives in full sun and prefers moist, well-drained soil. It can tolerate a range of soil types, including clay and sandy soils, but performs best in rich, fertile soil. Regular watering is essential, especially during dry periods.