- Species and varieties: Waltham broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is a popular heirloom variety known for its large, dark green heads and excellent flavor. It is a cool-season crop that belongs to the Brassicaceae family.
- Hybrid or heirloom: Waltham broccoli is an heirloom variety, meaning it is open-pollinated and has been passed down through generations. It is valued for its consistent quality and ability to produce side shoots after the main head is harvested.
- Pruning and training: Waltham broccoli does not require extensive pruning. However, removing the main head when it reaches maturity encourages the growth of side shoots, extending the harvest period. Regularly check for pests and diseases, and remove any affected leaves to maintain plant health.
- Fertilization needs: Waltham broccoli benefits from a balanced fertilizer application. Incorporate compost or well-rotted manure into the soil before planting. During the growing season, apply a nitrogen-rich fertilizer every 3-4 weeks to support healthy leaf and head development. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of head formation.
- Hardiness zones: Waltham broccoli is suitable for USDA hardiness zones 3-10. It thrives in cooler temperatures and can tolerate light frosts, making it ideal for spring and fall planting.
- Climate requirements: Waltham broccoli prefers a cool climate with temperatures ranging between 60-70°F (15-21°C). It requires full sun and well-drained, fertile soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0. Consistent moisture is essential for optimal growth.