- Species and varieties: Pelargonium, commonly known as geraniums, belong to the Geraniaceae family. There are over 200 species of Pelargonium, including popular varieties such as Pelargonium zonale (zonal geraniums), Pelargonium peltatum (ivy-leaved geraniums), and Pelargonium graveolens (scented geraniums).
- Hybrid or heirloom: Pelargonium seeds can be both hybrid and heirloom. Hybrid varieties are often bred for specific traits such as color, size, and disease resistance, while heirloom varieties are open-pollinated and have been passed down through generations, maintaining their original characteristics.
- Pruning and training: Regular deadheading of spent flowers encourages continuous blooming. Pruning leggy growth helps maintain a compact shape. Pinching back the stems can promote bushier growth. In late winter or early spring, a more substantial pruning can rejuvenate the plant.
- Fertilization needs: Pelargoniums benefit from a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer applied every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. A fertilizer with an N-P-K ratio of 10-10-10 or 20-20-20 is suitable. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers.
- Hardiness zones: Pelargonium flower seeds are suitable for USDA hardiness zones 9-11. In these zones, they can be grown as perennials. In cooler climates, they are often grown as annuals or brought indoors during the winter.
- Climate requirements: Pelargoniums thrive in warm, sunny climates with well-drained soil. They prefer temperatures between 60-75°F (15-24°C) and require at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. They are drought-tolerant but benefit from regular watering during dry periods.