- Species and varieties: Turnip (Brassica rapa) is a root vegetable commonly grown in temperate climates. There are several varieties of turnip seeds, including 'Purple Top White Globe', 'Golden Ball', and 'Tokyo Cross'. These varieties differ in size, color, and growth habits.
- Hybrid or heirloom: Turnip seeds can be either hybrid or heirloom. Hybrid varieties are bred for specific traits such as disease resistance and uniformity, while heirloom varieties are open-pollinated and have been passed down through generations, often prized for their unique flavors and historical significance.
- Pruning and training: Turnips do not require pruning or training. However, thinning seedlings to about 4 inches apart is necessary to ensure proper root development. Regular weeding is also important to prevent competition for nutrients.
- Fertilization needs: Turnips benefit from a balanced fertilizer applied at planting time. A 10-10-10 (N-P-K) fertilizer is recommended. Additional side-dressing with nitrogen fertilizer may be needed if the soil is not fertile. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive leaf growth at the expense of root development.
- Hardiness zones: Turnips are suitable for USDA hardiness zones 2-9. They can tolerate a wide range of temperatures but grow best in cooler climates.
- Climate requirements: Turnips prefer a cool climate and can be grown in both spring and fall. They require full sun to partial shade and well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. Turnips thrive in temperatures between 40°F and 75°F (4°C to 24°C).