- Species and varieties: Kiwi fruit, also known as Actinidia deliciosa, belongs to the Actinidiaceae family. There are several varieties of kiwi, including the common fuzzy kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa) and the hardy kiwi (Actinidia arguta). The fuzzy kiwi is the most widely known and cultivated variety.
- Hybrid or heirloom: Kiwi fruit seeds can be both hybrid and heirloom. Hybrid varieties are often developed for improved disease resistance, yield, and fruit quality. Heirloom varieties are traditional cultivars that have been passed down through generations and are valued for their unique flavors and characteristics.
- Pruning and training: Kiwi plants require regular pruning and training to maintain their shape and encourage fruit production. Prune the plants in late winter or early spring before new growth begins. Remove any dead, damaged, or diseased wood, and thin out overcrowded branches. Train the vines on a trellis or support structure to ensure proper air circulation and sunlight exposure.
- Fertilization needs: Kiwi plants have moderate fertilization needs. Apply a balanced fertilizer (such as 10-10-10) in early spring before new growth starts. Repeat the application in mid-summer. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive vegetative growth at the expense of fruit production. Mulch around the base of the plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
- Hardiness zones: Kiwi plants are suitable for USDA hardiness zones 7-9. Hardy kiwi varieties can tolerate colder climates and can be grown in zones 4-7.
- Climate requirements: Kiwi plants thrive in temperate climates with moderate temperatures. They require a frost-free growing season and are sensitive to late spring frosts. Kiwi plants prefer well-drained soil with a pH between 5.0 and 6.5. They need full sun to partial shade for optimal growth and fruit production.