- Species and varieties: Geraniums, also known as cranesbills, belong to the genus Geranium. There are over 400 species of geraniums, with popular varieties including Geranium macrorrhizum, Geranium sanguineum, and Geranium pratense. These species vary in flower color, foliage, and growth habits.
- Hybrid or heirloom: Geraniums can be found in both hybrid and heirloom varieties. Heirloom geraniums are often prized for their historical significance and unique characteristics, while hybrid geraniums are bred for specific traits such as disease resistance, flower color, and growth habit.
- Pruning and training: Geraniums benefit from regular deadheading to encourage continuous blooming. Pruning back the plants in late fall or early spring helps maintain their shape and promotes healthy growth. Some varieties may require staking to support their growth.
- Fertilization needs: Geraniums benefit from a balanced, slow-release fertilizer applied in the spring. Additional feeding with a liquid fertilizer every 4-6 weeks during the growing season can promote vigorous growth and abundant flowering. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers.
- Hardiness zones: Geraniums are suitable for USDA hardiness zones 3-9, depending on the species. They are known for their adaptability to a wide range of climates.
- Climate requirements: Geraniums prefer well-drained soil and can thrive in both full sun and partial shade. They are tolerant of a variety of soil types but perform best in moderately fertile, well-drained soil. Regular watering is essential, especially during dry periods, but they should not be waterlogged.